In the name of Allah , the most beneficent, the most merciful
Important lessons
to learning for New Muslims
Prepared by:
Abdus Saboor Nadvi
معنى الإسلام
Meaning of Islam:
Islam is a religion and a way of life. It means submission,
devotion, and obedience
to God, the Lord of the heavens and the earth. Therefore, obedience to God, the Lord of the
heavens and the earth. Therefore,
a Muslim is someone who submits himself to God. That
is the reason a Muslim is someone who
submits himself to God.
أركان الإسلام
Pillars of Islam:
In Islam there are five basic duties
which Muslims must perform.
1- SHAHADA (The First Pillar of Islam)
“La llaha illal-lah Muhammad -ur-rasulullah“
“There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah“
2- SALAH (The Second Pillar of Islam)
The second pillar of Islam is performing Salah (prayer). The Muslim is enjoined to perform five obligatory prayers every day to keep himself in relation with his Lord, to invoke and implore Him, and to refrain himself from committing lewdness or indecency. These prayers not only ensure psychological rest to the Muslim in this present life, but they also pave the way to him to gain eternal happiness in the hereafter.
3- ZAKAAT (The Third Pillar of Islam)
ALLAH ordained every Muslim who possesses a certain amount a certain amount of property to pay annually of these possessions the Zakah to the poor, or to the other categories mentioned in the Quran.
4- SAWM RAMADHAN (The Fourth Pillar of Islam)
The fourth pillar of Islam is to fast during the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Hijri calendar.
Before the dawn of the first day of Ramadan, the Muslim in-tends to fast this month, and abstains every day from drinking, eating, or practicing sex till after the sun sets, He performs the fasting till the end of the month of Ramadan, fulfilling by that the commandment of Allah, and seeking His pleasure.
5- Hajj (The Fifth Pillar of Islam)
Pilgrimage (Hajj) is the fifth pillar of Islam. It is a duty for a Muslim to perform pilgrimage to the House of Allah once in lifetime, however it is permissible to him to do pilgrimage voluntarily more than once.
“La llaha illal-lah Muhammad -ur-rasulullah“
“There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah“
2- SALAH (The Second Pillar of Islam)
The second pillar of Islam is performing Salah (prayer). The Muslim is enjoined to perform five obligatory prayers every day to keep himself in relation with his Lord, to invoke and implore Him, and to refrain himself from committing lewdness or indecency. These prayers not only ensure psychological rest to the Muslim in this present life, but they also pave the way to him to gain eternal happiness in the hereafter.
3- ZAKAAT (The Third Pillar of Islam)
ALLAH ordained every Muslim who possesses a certain amount a certain amount of property to pay annually of these possessions the Zakah to the poor, or to the other categories mentioned in the Quran.
4- SAWM RAMADHAN (The Fourth Pillar of Islam)
The fourth pillar of Islam is to fast during the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Hijri calendar.
Before the dawn of the first day of Ramadan, the Muslim in-tends to fast this month, and abstains every day from drinking, eating, or practicing sex till after the sun sets, He performs the fasting till the end of the month of Ramadan, fulfilling by that the commandment of Allah, and seeking His pleasure.
5- Hajj (The Fifth Pillar of Islam)
Pilgrimage (Hajj) is the fifth pillar of Islam. It is a duty for a Muslim to perform pilgrimage to the House of Allah once in lifetime, however it is permissible to him to do pilgrimage voluntarily more than once.
أركان الإيمان
Pillars Of Eiman(Faith):
Eiman has six pillars. To deny any one of the pillars, in part, or
in whole, is the same as denying everything–it takes you out of Islam, and may
Allah protect us all from that.
The pillars are:
1. Allah: Believe that Allah, Lord of the Worlds, exists,
and believe in hisasmaa wal sifa.
2. Books: Believe in all the divine revelation, including
the Torah, theInjeel, and the Qur’an. They are really
the same book (but now, the original Torah and Injeel no longer exist).
4. Prophets: Believe in all the Prophets, from Adam (alayhi
salaam), the first man and first prophet of Allah, to Muhammad (صلي الله عليه وسلم),
the seal of prophets, and everything in-between.
5. Qadr: Believe in qadr (fate/predestination/free will)
6. Day of Judgement: Believe in the Day of Judgement, and more
generally, in the akhira.
Each of these pillars has more depth to them,
but this is the general meaning. And I repeat: to deny any pillar (or any part
of any pillar) is to leave Islam.
معنى الشهادتين
Meaning of The Two Witness
(Shahadatain):
The Conditions of La ilaha illAllah
La ilaha illAllah has seven conditions. The testification does not benefit those, who (merely) utter the testification, unless he fulfils all seven conditions;
1. Knowledge that negates ignorance
2. Certainty that negates doubt
3. Acceptance that negates rejection
4. Submission that negates abandonment
5. Sincerity that negates Shirk (associating partners with Allah)
6. Truthfulness that negates Falsehood (meaning hypocrisy)
7. Love that negates its opposite, which is hatred
The Conditions of, 'Muhammadar-Rasoolullah'
1. Affirming his (sallalalhu alaihi wa-sallam) Prophet-hood and having faith in it inwardly within the heart.
2. Verbally declaring it and affirming it outwardly through the tongue.
3. Following him by acting upon the truth he came with, and refraining from the evil that he has forbidden.
4. Believing in what he has informed about - from the unseen of the past and the future.
5. Loving him more than oneself, wealth, children, parents and the whole of humanity.
6. Giving precedence to his saying over everybody, and acting upon his Sunnah.
La ilaha illAllah has seven conditions. The testification does not benefit those, who (merely) utter the testification, unless he fulfils all seven conditions;
1. Knowledge that negates ignorance
2. Certainty that negates doubt
3. Acceptance that negates rejection
4. Submission that negates abandonment
5. Sincerity that negates Shirk (associating partners with Allah)
6. Truthfulness that negates Falsehood (meaning hypocrisy)
7. Love that negates its opposite, which is hatred
The Conditions of, 'Muhammadar-Rasoolullah'
1. Affirming his (sallalalhu alaihi wa-sallam) Prophet-hood and having faith in it inwardly within the heart.
2. Verbally declaring it and affirming it outwardly through the tongue.
3. Following him by acting upon the truth he came with, and refraining from the evil that he has forbidden.
4. Believing in what he has informed about - from the unseen of the past and the future.
5. Loving him more than oneself, wealth, children, parents and the whole of humanity.
6. Giving precedence to his saying over everybody, and acting upon his Sunnah.
معنى الشرك والكفر
Meaning of Shirk and Kufr:
“Kufr’ means ‘to deny’ and ‘Shirk’ means ‘to associate.’ But in
Islamic Shari'ah these two terms have special meanings. ‘Kufr’ means denial of
the existence of God, and ‘Shirk’ means to associate partners with the All
Powerful Allah. And so, a Kafir is one who denies the existence of God Who is
not only Almighty and Omnipotent, but the Creator and the only Sustainer of
this entire Cosmos. Similarly, a Mushrik is one who, although, believes in the
existence of God,[If you ask them who created the heavens and the earth, they
will surely say Allah. (31:25)]
آداب الخلاء
Etiquettes of going to Toilet:
First u read this dua when you want to go to toilet:
'Bismillah' 'Allah-Hum-ma Inni A'oodhu-bika Minal Khu-buthi
Wal-kha-baith'
'O Allah I seek your protection from the male and female
devils.'
1. Enter with the left foot.
2.It is forbidden to face or have the back facing towards the Qibla whilst relieving oneself.
3. It is best to lower oneself as much as possible before uncovering the body.
4.Put slight pressure on the left leg it makes it relieving easier.
5. One should be very careful about the splashing of urine (as this is a grave sin). One should sit to urinate.
6. One should not talk in the toilet without absolute necessity
but if a person outside is calling and does not know then cough thrice to make
them aware. This includes the use of a mobile phone be it for texting as this
is not the place to do such things.
7. Hold the container in the right hand whilst cleansing with the left.
8. The right hand should not be used to cleanse oneself. Unless there is a problem with the left hand then one can use the right hand.
9. The sister should cleanse themselves with the lower palm of the left hand and do not separate the legs to wide.
10.Wash in odd numbers i.e. 1, 3, 5 or 7 times
11.After you have relieved yourself, wash your hands up to the wrists thrice.
12. When leaving the toilet one should step out with the right foot.
7. Hold the container in the right hand whilst cleansing with the left.
8. The right hand should not be used to cleanse oneself. Unless there is a problem with the left hand then one can use the right hand.
9. The sister should cleanse themselves with the lower palm of the left hand and do not separate the legs to wide.
10.Wash in odd numbers i.e. 1, 3, 5 or 7 times
11.After you have relieved yourself, wash your hands up to the wrists thrice.
12. When leaving the toilet one should step out with the right foot.
13.Supplication on Leaving
Once outside the toilet read this supplication :
Once outside the toilet read this supplication :
'Ghuf-raa-naka Al-ham-du-Lil-la-hil-ladhi Adh-haba 'An-nil Azaa
Wa-'Aa-faani'
'O Allah I seek Your pardon. All praises are due to Allah who
has taken away from me discomfort and granted me relief.'
كيف تتوضأ
How to make Ablution (Wuzu) :
1.
Declare the
intention for Wudhu in your heart
2.
Say Bismillah (In the Name of
Allah).
3.Wash the right
hand up to and including the wrists. Make sure to while rub
and rub between the fingers of the hand. And thus make sure
no part of the hand is left dry. Three times
Then do
the same with the left hand. (also three times)
4. Make a cup with the right hand then from this hand take water
into your mouth and swirl it inside the mouth and then expel out of mouth. then
sniff remaining water from the cupped right hand and sniff water into the nose
and then blow the water out and using the left hand remove the
water from your nose. Do this three times
Some people rinse the mouth first three times and then
rinse the nose three times
However the first method is the most authentic.
5. Wash the face three times, from the hairline to the jawbone
and chin, and from start of the ear to start of the ear
A man should wash the hair of his beard by
taking a handful of water and entering it below his chin and rubbing it through
his beard and passing the wet fingers through the beard.
6. Wash the right arm up to and
including the elbow. Three times.
The arm extends from the fingertips, including the
nails, to the lower part of the upper arm. It is essential to remove anything
stuck to the hands before washing them, such as dough, mud, paint, nail polish
etc, that could prevent the water from reaching the skin.
Do the same with the LEFT ARM . Three times
7. Wet your hands in
water, Place both hands at the front of the head (beginning
of hairline) and wipe the head backwards until you reach the nape.
Then bring them back to the front of the head (beginning of hairline).
This is done once only
With regard to a woman’s hair, she should wipe it
whether it is loose or braided from the front of her head to the roots of the
hair at the nape and then bring forward as above, but she does not have to wipe
the entire length of her hair.
8.Clean the ears by inserting the tips
of the index fingers into the ears. Twist them round the folds of the ears.
Then wipe the back of the ears with your thumbs. From bottom of the ear
upwards. ONCE ONLY
9. Wash the right feet up to and including the
ankles, three times,
You should enter the water between the toes with
your little finger and then wash the foot (note not wipe feet but wash them)
and make sure you wash the sole of the foot and heals. Make sure no
parts of the foot is left dry
Wash the left feet same as the right foot also
three times.
10.
The Du'aa After the Wudoo
Ashhadu an laa ilaaha ill-Allaah
wahdahu laa shareeka lah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa
rasooluhu.
( I bear witness that there is no god
except Allaah alone, with no partner or associate, and I bear witness that
Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.)
Allaahumm
aj’alni min al-tawwaabeena waj’alni min al-mutatahhireena
(
O Allaah! make me one of those who repent and make me one of those who purify
themselves)
نواقض الوضوء
The Things which break wudhu:
1. Breaking wind
2. Faeces 3. Urine 4. Mazy 5. Wady 6. Semen (when it emerges) 7. Haiz (m.c. for woman) 8. Bleeding
from false menstruation 9. Sleep 10. Intoxication 11. Unconsciousness12. Insanity 13. Touching a person of the opposite sex
with lust 14. Touching the penis without
cloth 15. Doubt 16. Apostasy. May Allah protect us from it!
الغسل
The Bath:
Ritual bath (Ghusl) or major ablution means washing the
whole body from head to foot and to obtain purification or cleanliness from the
greater impurities (Janabah). It must be made in a place of privacy using clean
water. Steps are:
1.
make the
intention in your Heart For the Bath. (Niyyat)
2.
wash the
private parts and wash off any impurity elsewhere on body.
3.
perform
the minor ablution (Wudu) without washing feet,
4.
pour
water over the head and whole body. Be sure that every strand of hair is wet.
If hair of head is plaited, she is excused from loosening her plaited hair but
it is compulsory to wet the base of hair.
5.
pour
then water over the whole body, preferably three times. Water should reach
every part of body. (preferred to remove rings, earings, etc that may prevent
water from reach underneath)
6.
Wash
feet.
Then say the Shahada to conclude
the Ghusl or the ritual bath or the major ablution.
شروط الصلاة
Terms of Salah (Prayer):
Before a person starts to pray he should
confirm these important things.
1.Should
be a Muslim, 2. Have a fresh Mind, 3. Obtaining purity 4.Removing Impurity from clothes , place and
body, 5. After 7 years old or more
should be go to pray , 6. Covering Awrah (for woman full covered without face
in Prayer) 7.
Entering the Time of Prayer (salah) 8. Qiblah means Facing toward Ka’bah, 9.
Niyat (Intention)
أوقات النهي
The forbidden times of prayers are as follows:
Imam
Muslim reported the Hadith narrated by Uqba Bin Amir who said:
“The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam) forbade us to pray or to bury our
dead during 3 particular times .”
“1.When the
Sun rises until it goes high in the horizon, 2. when the Sun is at its meridian
until its goes past the meridian and the shadow of objects starts to appear,
and 3. when the Sun sets until it is totally down.”
أوقات الصلاة
Times of the Five Daily Prayers:
Fajr
From
dawn until just before sunrise.
Dhuhr
After
the sun’s zenith until late afternoon.
Asr
From
late afternoon until just before sunset.
Maghrib
From sunset until just before twilight (when the sky turns
completely dark).
Isha'
From
twilight until dawn.
عدد ركعات المكتوبة والسنة الراتبة
Counting of Rak’at farz & Sunnah salah:
Farz (compulsory) Salah:
A
Muslim must pray five times a day. The compulsory prayers are called Fard in Arabic. Each unit of a prayer
is called a Rak'ah. The Fard prayers are:
Fajr
2 Rak'ahs
Dhuhr
4 Rak'ahs
Asr
4 Rak'ahs
Maghrib
3 Rak'ahs
Isha'
4 Rak'ahs
*Jumu'ah
2 Rak'ahs (in place of Dhuhr on Fridays)
Sunnah (optional)
Salah:
The Sunnah prayers are as follows:
Fajr
2 Rak'ahs before Fard.
Dhuhr 4 Rak'ahs before Fard and
2 Rak'ahs after.
Asr
4 Rak'ahs (less recommended) before Fard.
Maghrib 2 Rak'ahs after Fard.
Isha'
4 Rak'ahs (less recommended) before Fard
2 Rak'ahs after Fard.
1, 3,5,7, or 9 Rak'ahs of Witr.
كيفية الصلاة(الركعة الأولى والثانية، والتشهد الأول)
How to Perform Salah:
1.
Stand upright facing the direction of Al-Ka'bah. This
position is called Qiyaam and the direction is called Qiblah in
Arabic. The Qiblah in North America is
towards the east with a slight angle towards the north.
2.
Make Niyyah (intention) in your heart for the prayer you want
to pray.
3.
Raise your hands to your ears and say:"Allahu Akbar.” This
means: (Allah is the Greatest). This is called Takbiratul
Ihram
4.
Now place your right hand on top of your left hand on the chest and look
downward to the place where your forehead will touch the ground in theSujood (prostration) and recite silently:
"Subhanaka allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabara kasmuka wa
ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka."
Then
recite silently: "A'udhu
billahi minash shaitanir rajim." it means: “I seek shelter in
Allah from the rejected Satan.”
Then
recite: "Bismillahir
rahmanir rahim." it
means: “In the name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most Merciful.”
5.
After this, recite Suratul Fatihah (the opening chapter) of
the Noble Qur'an with any
Passage (surah) Of Quran.
7.
Now bow down saying: "Allahu
Akbar" and place your hands on your knees and say silently:"Subhana
Rabbiyal Adhim." This
means: (How Perfect is my Lord, the Supreme) three times. This position
is called Rukoo'. Keep
your head in line with your back, and look downward to the place ofSujood.
8.
Stand up from the bowing position saying:"Sami'Allahu liman hamidah" (Allah hears those who praise Him)"Rabbana
lakal hamd." This
means: (Our Lord, praise be to You).
9.
Prostrate on the floor saying: "Allahu Akbar"
with your forehead, nose, palms of both hands, your knees, and toes all
touching the floor. Then recite silently: "Subhana Rabbiyal
A'la."
(How Perfect is my Lord, the
Highest) three times. This position is called Sujood.
Keep your arms away from the sides of the body and the ground.
10.
Sit up from the floor saying Allahu
Akbar. Sit upright with your knees bent and palms placed on them and
say: “Rabbighfir li.” This means: “O my Lord! Forgive me.”
Say
"Allahu Akbar" and again prostrate in the Sujood
position. Recite "Subhana Rabbiyal A'la" three times.
Sit up from this position saying "Allahu Akbar"
This
completes the first Rak'ah or unit of Salah. Now stand up for
the second Rak'ah and perform it in the same way, except
that you do not recite Subhanakaat
the beginning, and after the second Sujood(prostration)
you sit on the left leg while keeping the right foot upright and put your right
hand on the right thigh, with all fingers together in a fist except the index
finger. Stick the index finger straight out. Put your left hand on the left
thigh. Now recite Tashahhud silently:
التحيات لله والصلوات
والطيبات، السلام عليك أيها النبي ورحمة الله وبركاته، السلام علينا، وعلى عباد
الله الصالحين أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله، وأشهد أن محمداً عبده ورسوله".
"At-Tahiyyatu lillahi
This means: “Greetings, prayers and
was- Salawatu wat-Tayyibatu.
goodness belong to Allah.
As-Salamu ' alaika
Peace be on you,
ayyuhannabiyyu O Prophet
wa rahmatullahi
and the mercy of Allah
wa barakatuhu.
and His blessings.
Assalamu 'alaina wa’ala
Peace be on us and on
ibadil-Lahis -Salihin
the righteous servants of Allah
ash hadu al-La ilaha
I bear witness that
il-Lal lahu
there is no god but Allah,
wa ash hadu anna
and bear witness that
Muhammadan abduhu Muhammad is His servant
wa rasuluhu."
and Messenger.”
After this; recite al-salato alan-Nabi (PBUH) and duas.
11.
Now turn your face to the right saying:"Assalamu alaikum wa
rahmatullah" (peace
and the mercy of Allah be on you) and then to the left repeating
the same words.
الصلاة على النبي –صلى الله عليه وسلم
Assalato
alan-Nabi (P.B.U.H.):
"Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammadin
“O Allah, let Your mercy
come upon Muhammad
Wa 'ala ali Muhammadin
and
the family of Muhammad
Kama
sallaita 'ala Ibrahima
as You
let it come upon Ibrahim
wa
'ala ali Ibrahima
and
the family of Ibrahim
wa
barik 'ala Muhammadin
O Allah, bless Muhammad
wa
'ala ali Muhammadin
and
the family of Muhammad
Kama
barakta ' ala Ibrahima
as You
blessed Ibrahim
Wa
' ala ali Ibrahima
and
the family of Ibrahim.
Fil
a'lamina Innaka
Truly
You are
hamidun
Majid."
Praiseworthy and Glorious.”
Surah Al-Fatiha: سورة الفاتحة
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ
الرَّحِيمِ(1)الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ(2) الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ(3)
مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ(4) إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ (5) اهدِنَا
الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيم (6) صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ
الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلاَ الضَّالِّين (7)
"All praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of
the worlds, the most Gracious, the most Merciful; Master of the Day of
Judgment. You alone we worship, from You alone we seek help. Guide us along the
straight path - the path of those whom You favored, not of those who earned
Your anger or went astray.”
Surah Ikhlas : سورة الإخلاص
بسم
الله الرحمن الرحيم
قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (1)اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ (2)لَمْ
يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ (3) وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ (4)
“In the name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most
Merciful. Say, He is Allah, the One. Allah is Eternal and Absolute. He
begets not, nor was He begotten. And there is none co-equal unto Him.”
Surah Asr : سورة العصر
بسم
الله الرحمن الرحيم
وَالْعَصْرِ(1) إِنَّ الإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ (2) إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ
آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا
بِالصَّبْرِ (3)
“In the name of
Allah, the most Gracious, the most Merciful.
1. By Al-'Asr (the time).2. Verily! Man is in loss,
3. Except those who believe (in Islamic Monotheism) and do righteous good deeds, and recommend one another to the truth (i.e. order one another to perform all kinds of good deeds (Al-Ma'ruf)which Allah has ordained, and abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds (Al-Munkar)which Allah has forbidden), and recommend one another to patience (for the sufferings, harms, and injuries which one may encounter in Allah's Cause during preaching His religion of Islamic Monotheism or Jihad, etc.).
Surah Falaq : سورة الفلق
بسم
الله الرحمن الرحيم
قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ (1) مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ (2) وَمِن
شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ (3) وَمِن شَرِّ النَّفَّاثَاتِ فِي الْعُقَدِ
(4)وَمِن شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ(5)
In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful
Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the Daybreak
From the evil of that which He created;
From the evil of the darkness when it is intense,
And from the evil of malignant witchcraft,
And from the evil of the envier when he
envieth.
Surah Naas :
سورة الناس
بسم
الله الرحمن الرحيم
قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ (1) مَلِكِ النَّاسِ (2)
إِلَهِ النَّاسِ (3) مِن شَرِّ الْوَسْوَاسِ الْخَنَّاسِ (4) الَّذِي يُوَسْوِسُ
فِي صُدُورِ النَّاسِ (5) مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ(6)
In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the
Most Merciful
Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind,
The King of mankind,
The God of mankind,
From the evil of the sneaking whisperer,
Who whispereth in the hearts of mankind
Of the jinn and of mankind.
وآخر دعوانا أن الحمد
لله رب العالمين
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